Lantana camara L., Sp. Pl. 1 (1753)

Synonyms
Camara x aculeata forma crocea (Jacq.) Kuntze
Camara aculeata var. normalis Kuntze
Camara x aculeata forma obtusifolia Kuntze
Camara x aculeata forma sanguinea (Medik.) Kuntze
Camara x aculeata var. subinermis Kuntze
Camara x aculeata forma varia Kuntze
Camara vulgaris Benth.
Lantana x aculeata forma crocea (Jacq.) Voss
Lantana x aculeata var. subinermis (Kuntze) Voss
Lantana annua C.B.Clarke [Invalid]
Lantana antillana Raf.
Lantana arida var. portoricensis Moldenke
Lantana arida var. sargentii Moldenke
Lantana asperata Vis.
Lantana camara forma albiflora Moldenke
Lantana camara forma caffertyi I.E.Mendez
Lantana camara var. crocea L.H.Bailey
Lantana camara var. flava (Medik.) Moldenke
Lantana camara forma macrantha (Loes.) Moldenke
Lantana camara var. macrantha Loes.
Lantana camara var. moritziana (Otto & A.Dietr.) Lopez-Pal.
Lantana camara forma multiflora (Otto & A.Dietr.) Moldenke
Lantana camara var. multiflora Otto & A.Dietr.
Lantana camara var. nana Moldenke
Lantana camara forma nana (Moldenke) Moldenke
Lantana camara var. parvifolia Moldenke
Lantana camara forma portoricensis (Moldenke) I.E.Mendez
Lantana camara forma rosea (Mosty ex Mattoon) Moldenke
Lantana camara var. rosea Mosty ex Mattoon
Lantana camara forma rubelloflavescens Moldenke
Lantana camara forma rubra (Mosty ex Mattoon) Moldenke
Lantana camara var. rubra Mosty ex Mattoon
Lantana camara forma sanguinea (Medik.) Moldenke
Lantana camara var. sanguinea (Medik.) L.H.Bailey
Lantana camara forma ternata (Moldenke) Moldenke
Lantana camara var. ternata Moldenke
Lantana camara forma urticifolia (Mill.) I.E.Mendez
Lantana camara forma varia (Kuntze) Moldenke
Lantana coccinea Lodd. ex G.Don [Invalid]
Lantana crocea Jacq.
Lantana crocea var. guatemalensis Loes.
Lantana glandulosissima Hayek
Lantana glandulosissima forma aculeatissima Hayek
Lantana glandulosissima forma albiflora Moldenke
Lantana glandulosissima forma flava Moldenke
Lantana glandulosissima var. grandis Moldenke
Lantana glandulosissima forma parvifolia Moldenke
Lantana glandulosissima forma sargentii (Moldenke) I.E.Mendez
Lantana mexicana Turner
Lantana mixta Medik.
Lantana moritziana Otto & A.Dietr.
Lantana moritziana forma parvifolia Moldenke
Lantana sanguinea Medik.
Lantana spinosa L. ex Le Cointe
Lantana suaveolens Desf. [Illegitimate]
Lantana undulata Raf.
Lantana urticifolia Mill.
Lantana urticifolia subsp. moldenkei R.W.Sanders
Lantana urticifolia subsp. portoricensis (Moldenke) R.W.Sanders
Lantana viburnoides Blanco [Illegitimate]

Description
An erect or subscandent much-branched shrub, up to 5 m tall, stems square or 3-angled, often bearing hooked prickles, highly aromatic; stipules absent; leaves opposite or rarely in whorls of 3, ovate to oblong-ovate, 5-8 cm x 3-5.5 cm, petiole 1.5-3 cm long, simple, tripli-veined, hairy (sandpaper-like), margin toothed.; inflorescence flat or hemispherical subcapitate; flowers with corolla tube extending to 12 mm long during anthesis, often slightly curved, orange-yellow or orange to pink, white, or variegated, changing to red or scarlet; fruit a globose glossy drupe, deep blue when ripe.

Ecology
Occurs from sea-level to 1700 m altitude in relatively open and disturbed, not too moist habitats, on sandy soils, including kerangas. It is mainly a weed of plantation crops and pastures. Due to the toxicity of leaves and seeds it is a serious threat to sheep and cattle.

Uses
In South-East Asia the leaves (and sometimes the wet, ground roots) are applied to cuts, ulcers, swellings and to treat rheumatism, a decoction of the leaves and flowers is used to treat constipation, as a febrifuge, diaphoretic and stimulant, and to relieve catarrh and bronchitis. A decoction of the roots is used to treat toothache, headache, inflammation, gonorrhoea and leucorrhoea. Lantana camara is used as an ornamental and in hedges.

Distribution
Pan-tropical, but originally from tropical America. In Borneo collected throughout the island.

Local names
Borneo: Akar kelei, Bawing-bawing, Biamaso, Cente, Gelambir ayam, Misi, Ranguan, Sesahangan, Sukab dungun, Tahi ayam, Tai ayam.
English: Sage, wild sage.
Indonesia: kembang telek, tembelekan (Javanese), saliara (Sundanese).
Malaysia: bunga pagar, bunga tahi ayam, jebat harimau (Peninsular).
Philippines: koronitas, kantutay (Tagalog), baho-baho (Bisaya).
Thailand: kaam kung (Mae Hong Son), khee kae (Pranchin Buri), yeesun (Trang).
Vietnam: c[aa]y tr[aa]m [oor]i, c[aa]y b[oo]ng [oor]i, c[aa]y t[uws] qu[is].