Lithocarpus blumeanus (Korth.) Rehd., J. Arn. Arb. 10 (1929)

Synonyms
Castanopsis blumeana (Korth.) Rehd.
Cyclobalanus blumeana (Korth.) Oerst
Pasania blumeana (Korth.) Gamble
Quercus blumeana Korth.
Synaedrys blumeana Korth. (Koidz.)

Diagnostics
Understorey tree up to 15 m tall and 25 cm dbh. Stipules ca. 1 mm long. Leaves alternate, simple, penni-veined, glabrous. Flowers ca. 2 mm diameter, yellow-white, placed in racemes. Fruits ca. 27 mm diameter, dark purplish brown, nut basally covered by cupule.

Description
Tree up to 15 m tall, 25 cm diameter. Bark scaly, greyish brown; inner bark fibrous, brown. Sapwood yellowish. Twigs subglabrous, sparsely lenticellate. Stipules triangular, c. 2 x 1 mm. Leaves thin-coriaceous, glabrescent above, sparsely appressed brownish tomentose below; broadly ovate or broadly elliptic or sometimes elliptic-oblong, (8-)12- 16(-23) x (3.5-)5-8.5(-11) cm, base rounded, subcordate or broadly acute, symmetrical, margin undulate, revolute, apex acuminate, acumen 10-15 mm long; midrib raised on both surfaces, stronger and sparsely tomentose below; lateral veins thin, 12-15(-17) pairs, dense, flat above, raised below, faintly joining near the leaf margin, forming an angle of 30-45 degrees with the midrib; intercostal venation reticulate, dense, obscure above, prominent below; petiole 10-13 mm long. Inflorescences male, female or androgynous. Male inflorescences 15-20 cm long; bracts triangular, c. 0.9 x 0.6 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, acute, c. 0.3 x 0.2 mm. Male flowers in clusters of 3 along the rachis; perianth lobes acute, c. 0.7 x 0.5 mm; stamen filaments c. 3 mm long; pistillode globose, c. 1 mm diameter. Female or androgynous inflorescences 10-15 cm long; bracts ovate, c. 0.4 x 0.2 mm; bracteoles subrounded, 0.2-0.3 mm across. Female flowers solitary along the rachis; perianth lobes acute, c. 0.8 x 0.5 mm; staminodes 12; styles cylindrical, slightly recurved, c. 1.2 mm long. Cupules solitary along the rachis, with stalk 5-10 mm long, 1-1.5 x 2.5-3 cm, tomentose, lamellate; wall bony, thin, enclosing the acorn almost completely or for its most part; lamellae slightly distinct, edge denticulate, set in 5- 6 regular lines. Acorns depressed ovoid, 1.5-2 x 2.5-3 cm, glabrous except for a small part at the apex which is densely simple and stellate hairy; base rounded, apex acute; scar deeply concave or flat, c. 1.4 cm diameter; wall bony, thin, most part free from the cupule. [from Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak]

Ecology
In Undisturbed mixed dipterocarp and sub-montane forests up to 1700 m altitude. Usually along rivers on clay soils.

Distribution
Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.